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Le Prince Victor Napoléon et Alice Biot. |
En 1905, la presse belge, qui se répandit à l'étranger, indiqua de plus en plus que le prince Victor Napoléon, chef de la Maison impériale de France, et la princesse Clémentine de Belgique étaient tombés amoureux et désiraient se marier. Cependant, plusieurs obstacles s'opposèrent à leur projet de mariage. Le roi Léopold II de Belgique, père de la princesse, n'était pas favorable à une telle union car il ne voulait pas contrarier la République française. De plus, on parla beaucoup de la liaison du prince Napoléon avec une ancienne ballerine française du nom de Marie Alice Biot. On écrivit que le couple s'était marié et avait eu des enfants. Ce mariage préexistant allait évidemment faire obstacle aux espoirs de Victor et Clémentine de devenir mari et femme.
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Prince Victor Napoléon. |
Le prince Victor Jérôme Frédéric Napoléon est né au Palais-Royal à Paris le 18 juillet 1862. Il est le premier enfant et le fils aîné du prince Napoléon Bonaparte (1822-1891) et de la princesse Clotilde de Savoie (1843-1911), qui se sont mariés en 1859. Les grands-parents paternels de Victor étaient le prince Jérôme Bonaparte, ancien roi de Westphalie, et sa seconde épouse la princesse Catherine de Wurtemberg. Les grands-parents maternels de Victor étaient le roi Vittorio Emanuele II d'Italie et sa première épouse l'archiduchesse Adélaïde d'Autriche. Au moment de la naissance du prince Victor, son cousin germain était l'empereur Napoléon III des Français, qui fut déposé en 1870.
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Un bref profil d'Alice Biot dans Ces demoiselles de l'Opéra , 1887. |
Au cours des années 1870, le prince Victor Napoléon entame une relation avec Alice (Marie) Biot, une ballerine de l'Opéra de Paris. Très jeune, Mademoiselle Biot fait ses débuts à l'Opéra de Paris en mai 1870 lors de la première du ballet Coppélia dans le rôle de Cupidon. En mars 1880, Alice danse lors de la première du ballet Aida . Un bref profil des ballerines de l'Opéra datant de 1887 note que Biot est « une personne intelligente et aimable. [Elle] travaille beaucoup. [Elle] mène une vie simple et normale. » Alice Biot se retire de l'Opéra en 1896.
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Alice Biot. |
The liaison between the prince and ballerina only became public knowledge nearly thirty years after it began. Victor’s desire to marry Clémentine left the door open for the press, perhaps aided by persons [i.e. King Léopold II] not wishing their attachment to materialise into marriage, to report on his ties with Alice. It was widely noted that at some date Prince Victor Napoléon and Alice Biot had religiously, but not civilly, married in France. They had several children together. When Victor moved to Brussels, Alice and their children followed him to the Belgian capital. While the prince lived in home on the Avenue Louise, his apparent wife and their children lived in a separate residence, though not too far from his own.
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Pierre Biot. |
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Eugéne Biot. |
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Suzanne Biot. |
Within the past two decades, more information has come to light about Victor Napoléon and Alice Biot’s relationship. It is not certain whether the couple were ever religiously married, as no church records have been found to confirm this. One of the most insightful resources on the couple is a biography of Victor entitled Le Prince Victor Napoléon, which was written by his great-granddaughter Laetitia de Witt and published by Fayard in 2007. This work confirms that Victor and Alice were together for quite some time. Laetitia de Witt writes that Alice Biot was granted the title of Contessa di Beauclair/Beauclerc (Comtesse de Beauclair/Beauclerc) by King Umberto I of Italy at the request of Prince Victor. De Witt also writes that Victor and Alice had two sons: Pierre and Eugéne. It is possible that the pair had a further child, a daughter named Suzanne, who is not mentioned in the biography of Prince Victor. Aside from Suzanne, whose descendants have published genealogical information online regarding her life, it is not known what became of Pierre and Eugéne.
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The acte de mariage of Suzanne Biot and Walter Unger, 1898. |
On 21 December 1898 at Paris, one Alice Marianne Suzanne Andrée Biot (born at Paris on 13 March 1882), the daughter of a Marie Biot and an unnamed father, married Walter Unger (born at Vienna in January 1869), a cavalry officer in the Italian army and the son of Charles Unger. Among the witnesses to the marriage were Count Edouard d’Harcourt, a M. Biot de Beauclerc (possibly the mother of the bride), and an Austrian count. If Suzanne Biot was indeed the daughter of Prince Victor Napoléon, then the prince has many descendants alive today who are not a part of the Imperial House of Bonaparte.
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